Às coisas mesmas: contribuições da epistemologia fenomenológica para os estudos de liderança
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Resumo
As teorias de liderança que vêm sendo desenvolvidas desde o início do século passado representam, em sua maioria, premissas positivistas, fortemente marcadas pela separação entre sujeito e objeto, dicotomização, objetivismo, quantificação, reprodução, validação. Com base nisso, argumentamos que o campo carece de abordagens epistemológicas que desafiem o mainstream dos estudos de liderança. Nesse intuito, a fenomenologia pode fundamentar a possibilidade para o entendimento da liderança enquanto um fenômeno no mundo. Em termos teóricos, a fenomenologia é um retorno aos atos por meio dos quais se tem conhecimento dos objetos: por isso a proposta de se voltar às coisas mesmas. Desse modo, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar as contribuições da fenomenologia para os estudos em liderança. Para tanto, de modo a interagir com tais lacunas identificadas no campo de estudos de liderança, exploramos o resgate do mundo-da-vida frente ao objetivismo; à reconciliação entre sujeito e objeto; à atribuição de sentidos; à epoché e à mudança de posicionamento.
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