A las cosas mismas: aportes de la epistemología fenomenológica a los estudios de liderazgo
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Las teorías del liderazgo que se han desarrollado desde principios del siglo pasado representan, en su mayoría, premisas positivistas, fuertemente marcadas por la separación entre sujeto y objeto, dicotomización, objetivismo, cuantificación, reproducción y validación. A partir de esto, argumentamos que el campo carece de enfoques epistemológicos que desafíen la corriente principal de los estudios de liderazgo. Para ello, la fenomenología puede sustentar la posibilidad de entender el liderazgo como un fenómeno en el mundo. En términos teóricos, la fenomenología es una vuelta a los actos a través de los cuales se conocen los objetos, de ahí la propuesta de volver a las cosas mismas. Así, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar las contribuciones de la fenomenología a los estudios de liderazgo. Por tanto, para interactuar con tales vacíos identificados en el campo de los estudios de liderazgo, exploramos el rescate del mundo de la vida frente al objetivismo; la reconciliación entre sujeto y objeto, atribución de significados; la epoché y el cambio de posición.
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