Avançando no campo da neuroliderança: uma revisão sistemática e integrativa
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Acadêmicos e gestores há muito discutem o melhor perfil para uma liderança bem-sucedida, que pode influenciar o desempenho dos funcionários e o crescimento organizacional. Apesar da liderança ser o foco de muitos estudos e treinamento contínuo, ainda não está claro o que explica a eficácia dos líderes dentro das instituições e empresas. Para entender melhor esse fenômeno, realizamos uma revisão abrangente de estudos empíricos e ensaios teóricos (N = 93) explorando a aplicação da neurociência nas práticas e desenvolvimento de liderança e organizacionais. Realizamos uma revisão sistemática utilizando essas referências e construímos argumentos narrativos organizando as subáreas estudadas e definindo um processo através do qual é possível classificar e integrar tendências. O estudo se diferencia de pesquisas anteriores ao identificar grupos de áreas de pesquisa como as abordagens biológica, cerebral, psicológica, gerencial, emocional e cognitiva, bem como temas de pesquisa como cultura, tomada de decisão, engajamento, ética e desenvolvimento humano. Além disso, sugerimos um referencial teórico compreendendo essas abordagens e os principais tópicos de pesquisa para estimular o avanço do campo. Este artigo contribui para a literatura organizando o estado a arte da pesquisa e apresentando a neuroliderança como um construto. Concluímos com sugestões para pesquisas futuras que esperamos abordar as lacunas existentes e contribuir para a construção de recomendações relevantes para políticas de teorias.
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