A mobilidade acadêmica internacional: uma revisão bibliométrica e integrativa da literatura entre 2005 e 2022
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A mobilidade acadêmica é um tema amplamente estudado em diferentes áreas. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a literatura sobre a mobilidade acadêmica internacional (MAI), nas modalidades inbound e outbound, identificando redes de colaboração de pesquisa, autores e periódicos mais influentes, bem como grupos de interesse retratados e estudantes, destacando tópicos e abordagens teóricas. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura bibliométrica e integrativa, no período de 2005 a 2022, na base de dados acadêmica Web of Science (WoS), resultando na análise bibliométrica de 851 artigos e na revisão integrativa dos 42 artigos mais citados entre os autores destacados. Como resultados, foram mostradas relações entre publicações, autores e temas, com destaque para alguns autores centrais e periódicos que têm sido, simultaneamente, produtivos e relevantes. Com a revisão integrativa, foram identificados os principais tópicos ‒ motivações e resultados da MAI, mercado de trabalho e carreira, aspectos socioeconômicos, políticas educacionais dos países e gestão de Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES), desigualdades na MAI, circulação de cérebros e impacto da COVID-19 ‒, as teorias mais usadas ‒ capital humano, capital social, escolha racional, motivações push-pull, educação e treinamento vocacional, tipos de mobilidade internacional ‒ e os grupos de interesse retratados nas publicações ‒ estudantes, graduados, docentes, pesquisadores, instituições de ensino superior e governos dos países. Sugerem-se estudos que integrem sujeitos e entidades participantes do processo, com foco em políticas educacionais e sociais, tendo soluções para diminuição das desigualdades e permitindo acompanhar as mudanças de contexto político, econômico e social.
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