Desvendando a aprendizagem da rede como estratégia para a mudança de uma rede interorganizacional
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Em resposta às mudanças no mercado de logística de encomendas durante a década de 1990, a rede global Express Mail Service (EMS) passou por um processo de aprendizagem transformador que durou cerca de uma década e remodelou seus procedimentos, estrutura e interpretações de rede. Com base em um estudo de caso qualitativo retrospectivo, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar como o processo de aprendizagem multinível contribuiu para a transformação de uma rede interrganizacional, a rede EMS. Os resultados mostram que a rede EMS, composta por mais de cem organizações, dividiu-se espontaneamente em duas sub-redes (estratégica e ampla), facilitando um processo de aprendizagem mais eficiente e sistemático. Essa divisão também evidencia assimetrias nas dinâmicas de extensão e de interação das duas sub-redes. A dinâmica de coordenação foi fundamental, incorporada na Unidade EMS (EMSU), um núcleo que surgiu do processo de aprendizagem para se tornar a estrutura de governança da rede. Este estudo contribui para a teoria da aprendizagem de redes ao apresentar um modelo assimétrico, demonstrando que a transformação sistêmica é possível sem a participação igualitária de todos os membros, desde que seja apoiada por uma governança eficaz. Ele também oferece diretrizes práticas para redes de serviços que buscam melhorar seu desempenho por meio da aprendizagem estratégica e da coordenação da rede.
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