Relationship between innovation and performance: Impact of competitive intensity and the organizational slack
Main Article Content
Abstract
Innovation is a key factor in organizational performance. Although the strategic theory has delivered the references to understand the relationships between these two variables, there are still many gaps that need to be filled, and more empirical validation is necessary. This study aimed to verify how the relationship between innovation and performance is affected by the presence of precursor variables such as competitive intensity and organizational slack. The study was carried out through an explanatory and cross-sectional investigation, by applying structural equation modeling (SEM) to a sample of SMEs in Bogotá (Colombia). The results make a relevant contribution to the literature on strategic management by showing that competitive intensity and organizational slack induce innovation and positively impact performance.
Downloads
Metrics
Article Details
A RAE compromete-se a contribuir com a proteção dos direitos intelectuais do autor. Nesse sentido:
- adota a licença Creative Commoms BY (CC-BY) em todos os textos que publica, exceto quando houver indicação de específicos detentores dos direitos autorais e patrimoniais;
- adota software de detecção de similaridades;
- adota ações de combate ao plagio e má conduta ética, alinhada às diretrizes do Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)
References
Abebe, M. A., & Angriawan, A. (2014). Organizational and competitive influences of exploration and exploitation activities in small firms. Journal of Business Research, 67(3), 339-345. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.01.015
Alegre, J., & Chiva, R. (2013). Linking entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: The role of organizational learning capability and innovation performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(4), 491-507. doi:10.1111/jsbm.12005
Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411-423.
Andriopoulos, C., & Lewis, M. W. (2009). Exploitation-exploration tensions and organizational ambidexterity: Managing paradoxes of innovation. Organization Science, 20(4), 696-717. doi:10.1287/orsc.1080.0406
Ánzola, O., Marín-Idárraga, D. A., & Cuartas, J. C. (2017). Fundamentación teórica de la cultura, la estructura y la estrategia. Referentes para el análisis y diseño organizacional. Bogotá, Colombia: Universidad Externado de Colombia.
Armstrong, J. S., & Overton, T. S. (1977). Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys. Journal of Marketing Research, 14(3), 396-402. doi:10.2307/3150783
Atuahene-Gima, K. (2005). Resolving the capability-rigidity paradox in new product innovation. Journal of Marketing, 69(4), 61-83.
Auh, S., & Menguc, B. (2005). Balancing exploration and exploitation: The moderating role of competitive intensity. Journal of Business Research, 58(12), 1652-1661. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2004.11.007
Babbie, E. (2010). The practice of social research. (12th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage.
Bagozzi, R., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94. doi:10.1007/BF02723327
Barnett, W. P. (1997). The dynamics of competitive intensity. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(1), 128-160. doi:10.2307/2393811
Baruch, Y. (1999). Response rate in academic studies: A comparative analysis. Human Relations, 52(4), 421-438. doi:10.1023/A:1016905407491
Bentler, P. M. (2006). EQS 6 structural equations program manual. Encino, CA: Multivariate Software Inc.
Bentler, P. M., & Weeks, D. (1980). Linear structural equations with latent variables. Psychometrika, 45(3), 289-308. doi:10.1007/BF02293905
Bierly, P. E., & Daly, P. S. (2007). Alternative knowledge strategies, competitive environment, and organizational performance in small manufacturing firms. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 31(4), 493-516. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00185.x
Bourgeois, L. J. (1981). On the measurement of organizational slack. Academy of Management Review, 6(1), 29-39. doi:10.2307/257138
Burton, R., & Obel, B. (2004). Strategic organizational diagnosis and design: The dynamics of fit. Norwell, MA: Kluwer academic publishers.
Byrne, B. M. (2006). Structural equation modeling with EQS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. (2nd ed.). Mahwah, New Yersey, USA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cameron, K. S., & Whetten, D. A. (1983). Organizational effectiveness: One model or several? In K. S. Cameron, & D. A. Whetten (Eds.), Organizational effectiveness: A comparison of multiple methods (pp. 1-24). New York, NY: Academic Press.
Chang, Y., Hughes, M., & Hotho, S. (2011). Internal and external antecedents of SMEs’ innovation ambidexterity outcomes. Management Decision, 49(10), 1658-1676. doi:10.1108/00251741111183816
Chen, C., & Huang, J. (2009). Strategic human resource practices and innovation performance - The mediating role of knowledge management capacity. Journal of Business Research, 62(1), 104-114. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.11.016
Chin, W. W. (1998). Issues and opinion on structural equation modeling. MIS Quarterly, 22(1), 1-10.
Cyert, R. M., & March, J. G. (1992). A behavioral theory of the firm (2nd ed.). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing.
Damanpour, F., & Gopalakrishnan, S. (1999). Organizational adaptation and innovation: The dynamics of adopting innovation types. In K. Brockoff, A. Chakrabarti & J. Hauschildt (Eds.), The dynamics of innovation: Strategic and managerial implications (pp. 57-80). Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
Damanpour, F. (1987). The adoption of technological, administrative, and ancillary innovations: Impact of organizational factors. Journal of Management, 13(4), 675-688. doi:10.1177/014920638701300408
Damanpour, F. (1996). Bureaucracy and innovation revisited: Effects of contingency factors, industrial sectors, and innovation characteristics. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 7(2), 149-173. doi:10.1016/S1047-8310(96)90002-4
Damanpour, F., Walker, R. M., & Avellaneda, C. N. (2009). Combinative effects of innovation types and organizational performance: A longitudinal study of service organizations. Journal of Management Studies, 46(4), 650-675. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2008.00814.x
Damanpour, F., & Wischnevsky, D. J. (2006). Research on innovation in organizations: Distinguishing innovation-generating from innovation-adopting organizations. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 23(4), 269-291. doi:10.1016/j.jengtecman.2006.08.002
Dewar, R. D., & Dutton, J. E. (1986). The adoption of radical and incremental innovations: An empirical analysis. Management Science, 32(11), 1371-1520. doi:10.1287/mnsc.32.11.1422
Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Melani, L. (2011). Internet, mail, and mixed-mode surveys: The tailored design method. Toronto, Canada: Wiley & Sons. Drucker, P. F. (1985). The discipline of innovation. Harvard Business Review, 63(3), 67-72.
Dunk, A. S. (2011). Product innovation, budgetary control, and the financial performance of firms. The British Accounting Review, 43(2), 102-111. doi:10.1016/j.bar.2011.02.004
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. doi:10.2307/3151312
Freel, M. S., & Robson, P. J. (2004). Small firm innovation, growth and performance: Evidence from Scotland and Northern England. International Small Business Journal, 22(6), 561-575. doi:10.1177/0266242604047410
Geiger, S. W., & Makri, M. (2006). Exploration and exploitation innovation processes: The role of organizational slack in R & D intensive firms. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 17(1), 97-108. doi:10.1016/j.hitech.2006.05.007
Gopalakrishnan, S., Kessler, E. H., & Scillitoe, J. L. (2010). Navigating the innovation landscape: Past research, present practice, and future trends. Organization Management Journal, 7(4), 262-277. doi:10.1057/omj.2010.36
Greve, H. R. (2007). Exploration and exploitation in product innovation. Industrial & Corporate Change, 16(5), 945-975. doi:10.1093/icc/ dtm013
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2009). Multivariate data analysis. (7th ed.). New York: Prentice-Hall.
Heunks, F. J. (1998). Innovation, creativity and success. Small Business Economics, 10(3), 263-272. doi:10.1023/A:1007968217565
Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., & Mullen, M. R. (2008). Structural equation modelling: Guidelines for determining model fit. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53-59.
Jansen, J. J. P., Van Den Bosch, D. B., & Volberda, H. W. (2006). Exploratory innovation, exploitative innovation, and performance: Effects of organizational antecedents and environmental moderators. Management Science, 52(11), 1661-1674. doi:10.1287/mnsc.1060.0576
Jaworski, B. J., & Kohli, A. K. (1993). Market orientation: Antecedents and consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57(3), 53-70. doi:10.2307/1251854
Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. R. (2005). The balanced scorecard: Measures that drive performance. Harvard Business Review, 83(7), 172-180.
Katila, R., & Shane, S. (2005). When does lack of resources make new firms innovative? Academy of Management Journal, 48(5), 814-829. doi:10.5465/amj.2005.18803924
Keupp, M. M., Palmié, M., & Gassmann, O. (2012). The strategic management of innovation: A systematic review and paths for future research. International Journal of Management Reviews, 14(4), 367- 390. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00321.x
Kim, N., & Atuahene-Gima, K. (2010). Using exploratory and exploitative market learning for new product development. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 27(4), 519-536. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5885.2010.00733.x
Lavie, D., Stettner, U., & Tushman, M. L. (2010). Exploration and exploitation within and across organizations. Academy of Management Annals, 4(1), 109-155. doi:10.1080/19416521003691287
Lecerf, M. (2012). Internationalization and innovation: The effects of a strategy mix on the economic performance of French SMEs. International Business Research, 5(6), 2-13. doi:10.5539/ibr.v5n6p2
Lee, C., & Yang, H. (2011). Organization structure, competition and performance measurement systems and their joint effects on performance. Management Accounting Research, 22(2), 84-104. doi:10.1016/j.mar.2010.10.003
Malhotra, N. K. (1999). Marketing research: An applied orientation. London: Prentice-Hall International.
Marín‐Idárraga, D. A., Hurtado González, J. M., & Cabello Medina, C. (2016). The antecedents of Exploitation‐Exploration and their relationship with innovation: A study of managers’ cognitive maps. Creativity and Innovation Management, 25(1), 18-37. doi:10.1111/caim.12139
Marín-Idárraga, D. A., & Cuartas-Marín, J. C. (2013). Structural co-alignment influence on SMEs performance. International Journal of Business & Management, 8(22), 76-91. doi:10.5539/ijbm.v8n22p76
Marín-Idárraga, D. A., & Cuartas-Marín, J. C. (2016a). La co-alineación estratégica en las pymes. Bogotá: Universidad Autónoma de Colombia.
Marín-Idárraga, D. A., & Cuartas-Marín, J. C. (2016b). Organizational structure and innovation: Analysis from the strategic co-alignment. Academia, 29(4), 388-406. doi:10.1108/ARLA-11-2015-0303
Martínez-López, F. J., Gázquez-Abad, J. C., & Sousa, C. M. P. (2013). Structural equation modelling in marketing and business research: Critical issues and practical recommendations. European Journal of Marketing, 47(1-2), 115-152. doi:10.1108/03090561311285484
Miller, D., & Friesen, P. H. (1983). Strategy-making and environment: The third link. Strategic Management Journal, 4(3), 221-235. doi:10.1002/smj.4250040304
Mintzberg, H. (1979). The structuring of organizations: A synthesis of the research. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Mousa, T. F., & Chowdhury, J. (2014). The relationship between organizational slack and innovation: Revisited. American Journal of Business, 29(1), 26-42. doi:10.1108/AJB-06-2013-0036
Neely, A., Gregory, M., & Platts, K. (1995). Performance measurement system design: A literature review and research agenda. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 15(4), 80-116. doi:10.1108/01443579510083622
Nohria, N., & Gulati, R. (1996). Is slack good or bad for innovation? Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), 1245-1264. doi:10.2307/256998
Rosenbusch, N., Brinckmann, J., & Bausch, A. (2011). Is innovation always beneficial? A meta-analysis of the relationship between innovation and performance in SMEs. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(4), 441-457. doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.12.002
Sidhu, J. S., Volberda, H. W., & Commandeur, H. R. (2004). Exploring exploration orientation and its determinants: Some empirical evidence. Journal of Management Studies, 41(6), 913-932. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2004.00460.x
Singh, J. V. (1986). Performance, slack, and risk taking in organizational decision-making. Academy of Management Journal, 29(3), 562-585. doi:10.2307/256224
Stan, C. V., Peng, M. W., & Bruton, G. D. (2014). Slack and the performance of state-owned enterprises. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 31(2), 473-495. doi:10.1007/s10490-013-9347-7
Stock, R., & Zacharias, N. (2011). Patterns and performance outcomes of innovation orientation. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 39(6), 870-888. doi:10.1007/s11747-010-0225-2
Su, Z., Xie, E., & Li, Y. (2009). Organizational slack and firm performance during institutional transitions. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 26(1), 75-91. doi:10.1007/s10490-008-9101-8
Van de Ven, A. H. (1986). Central problems in the management of innovation. Management Science, 32(5), 590-607. doi:10.1287/ mnsc.32.5.590
Vanacker, T., Collewaert, V., & Zahra, S. (2017). Slack resources, firm performance, and the institutional context: Evidence from privately held European firms. Strategic Management Journal, 38(6), 1305- 1326. doi:10.1002/smj.2583
Venkatraman, N., & Ramanujam, V. (1986). Measurement of business performance in strategy research: A comparison of approaches. Academy of Management Review, 11(4), 801-814. doi:10.2307/258398
Vermeulen, P. A., De Jong, J. P., & O’shaughnessy, K. (2005). Identifying key determinants for new product introductions and firm performance in small service firms. The Service Industries Journal, 25(5), 625-640. doi:10.1080/02642060500100783
Walker, R. M., Damanpour, F., & Devece, C. A. (2011). Management innovation and organizational performance: The mediating effect of performance management. Journal of Public Administration Research & Theory, 21(2), 367-386. doi:10.1093/jopart/muq043
Wang, C. (2014). A longitudinal study of innovation competence and quality management on firm performance. Innovation, 16(3), 392- 403. doi:10.1080/14479338.2014.11081995
Wolfe, R. A. (1994). Organizational innovation: Review, critique and suggested research. Journal of Management Studies, 31(3), 405-431. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1994.tb00624.x
Yalcinkaya, G., Calantone, R. J., & Griffith, D. A. (2007). An examination of exploration and exploitation capabilities: Implications for product innovation and market performance. Journal of International Marketing, 15(4), 63-93.
Yang, T., & Li, C. (2011). Competence exploration and exploitation in new product development: The moderating effects of environmental dynamism and competitiveness. Management Decision, 49(9), 1444- 1470. doi:10.1108/00251741111173934
Zahra, S. A. (1996). Technology strategy and financial performance: Examining the moderating role of the firm’s competitive environment. Journal of Business Venturing, 11(3), 189-219. doi:10.1016/0883- 9026(96)00001-8
Zhan, W., & Chen, R. (2013). Dynamic capability and IJV performance: The effect of exploitation and exploration capabilities. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 30(2), 601-632. doi:10.1007/s10490-010-9235-3
Zhang, D., Linderman, K., & Schroeder, R. G. (2012). The moderating role of contextual factors on quality management practices. Journal of Operations Management, 30(1-2), 12-23. doi:10.1016/j. jom.2011.05.001
Zhou, K. Z., & Wu, F. (2010). Technological capability, strategic flexibility, and product innovation. Strategic Management Journal, 31(5), 547- 561. doi:10.1002/smj.830