Dark personality traits and the theory of planned behavior in auditor judgment and decision making
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study assesses the moderating effect of dark personality traits on the relationship between the conditioning factors of the theory of planned behavior and the auditors’ judgment and decision making. A survey-type study was conducted, and 311 auditors’ responses were analyzed using partial least-squares multi-group analysis. The results indicate that dark personality traits negatively impact the relationship between subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and auditors’ judgment and decision making, suggesting auditors with high dark traits are inclined to insensitivity, impulsiveness, and manipulation. As for the attitude of skepticism, dark personality traits positively impacted the relationship between skepticism and auditors’ judgment. Our study contributes by developing a model incorporating the moderating effect of personality traits on the theory of planned behavior, helping auditing firms and regulatory bodies to improve processes and strengthen the reliability of accounting information.
Downloads
Metrics
Article Details
A RAE compromete-se a contribuir com a proteção dos direitos intelectuais do autor. Nesse sentido:
- adota a licença Creative Commoms BY (CC-BY) em todos os textos que publica, exceto quando houver indicação de específicos detentores dos direitos autorais e patrimoniais;
- adota software de detecção de similaridades;
- adota ações de combate ao plagio e má conduta ética, alinhada às diretrizes do Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behaviour. Organisational Behaviour and Human Decision Process, 50, 179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality, and behaviour (2nd ed.). Open University Press.
Alavi, M., & Leidner, D. E. (2001). Knowledge management and knowledge management systems: Conceptual foundations and research issues. Management Information Systems Quarterly, 25(1), 107-136. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3250961
Asare, S. K. (1992). The auditor’s going-concern decision: Interaction of task variables and the sequential processing of evidence. The Accounting Review, 67(2), 379-393. http://www.jstor.org/stable/247731
Babiak, P., Neumann, C., & Hare, R. D. (2010). Corporate psychopathy: Talking the walk. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 28(2), 174-193. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.925
Bazerman, M. (1994). Judgment in managerial decision making (3rd ed.). Wiley.
Birnberg, J. G., Luft, J., & Shields, M. D. (2007). Psychology theory in management accounting research. In Handbook of management accounting research (Vol. 1, pp. 113-136). Elsevier.
Bonner, S. E. (2008). Judgment and decision making in accounting. Prentice Hall.
Bonner, S. E., & Walker, P. L. (1994). The effects of instruction and experience on the acquisition of auditing knowledge. Accounting Review, 69, 157-178. http://www.jstor.org/stable/248265
Campbell, W. K., Hoffman, B. J., Campbell, S. M., & Marchisio, G. (2011). Narcissism in organizational contexts. Human Resource Management Review, 21(4), 268-284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.10.007.
Chadegani, A. A., Mohamed, Z. M., & Iskandar, T. M. (2015). the influence of individual characteristics on auditors’ intention to report errors. Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 3(7), 710-714. https://doi.org/10.7763/JOEBM.2015.V3.271
Chatterjee, A., & Hambrick. D. C. (2007). It’s all about me: Narcissistic chief executive officers and their effects on company strategy and performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 52(3), 351-386. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.52.3.351
Cheng, X. (2017). Applying the theory of planned behavior to influence auditors' knowledge-sharing behavior. USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations, University of South Florida.
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/6691
Conselho Federal de Contabilidade. (2014a). Normas brasileiras de contabilidade. Aplicação geral aos profissionais da contabilidade (NBC PG 100).
Conselho Federal de Contabilidade. (2014b). Normas brasileiras de contabilidade. Contadores que prestam serviços (NBC PG 200).
Conselho Federal de Contabilidade. (2019). Normas brasileiras de contabilidade. Independência para trabalho de auditoria e revisão. (NBC PA 400).
Cyr, D., Héroux, S., & Fontaine, R. (2020), "Auditors’ judgment subordination and the theory of planned behavior". Managerial Auditing Journal, 35(8),1189-1211. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-12-2018-2110
Dillard-Eggers, J. & Roberts, M. L. (2010). An efficient method for acquiring auditing procedural knowledge. Advances in Accounting Behavioral Research, 13, 89-111. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1475-1488(2010)0000013008
D’Souza, M. F. (2016). Manobras financeiras e o Dark Triad: O despertar do lado sombrio na gestão (Tese de doutorado, Universidade de São Paulo). http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-06052016-110703/
D’Souza, M. F., Aragão, I. R., & Luca, M. M. M. (2018). Análise da ocorrência de maquiavelismo e narcisismo no discurso nos relatórios administrativos de empresas envolvidas em escândalos financeiros. Revista de Educação e Pesquisa em Contabilidade (REPeC), 12(3), 402-420.
https://doi.org/10.17524/repec.v12i3.1899
D’Souza, M. F., & Lima, G. A. S. F. (2015). The dark side of power: The Dark Triad in opportunistic decision-making. Advances in Scientific and Applied Accounting, 8(2), 135-156. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2641799
DeZoort, T., Harrison, P., & Taylor, M. (2006). Accountability and auditors’ materiality judgments: The effects of differential pressure strength on conservatism, variability, and effort. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 31(4-5), 373-390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2005.09.001
Fan, Y. H., Woodbine, G., & Cheng, W. (2013). A study of Australian and Chinese accountants’ attitudes towards independence issues and the impact on ethical judgments. Asian Review of Accounting, 21(3), 205-222. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-04-2013-0027
Farrukh, M., Alzubi, Y., Shahzad, I. A, Waheed, A. & Kanwal, N. (2018). Entrepreneurial intentions: The role of personality traits in perspective of theory of planned behaviour. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(3), 399-414. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-01-2018-0004
Fishbein, M. (1967). Attitude and the prediction of behavior. In M. Fishbein (Org.), Readings in attitude theory and measurement (pp. 477-492). Wiley.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Addison-Wesley.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing, 18(1), 39-59. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
Furtner, M. R., Rauthmann, J. F., & Sachse, P. (2011). The self-loving self-leader: An examination of the relationship between self-leadership and the dark triad. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 39(3), 369-380. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2011.39.3.369
Góis, A. D., Lima, G. A. S. F. D., & Luca, M. M. M. De. (2020). Everyday sadism in the business area. RAUSP Management Journal, 55(3), 393-408. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAUSP-03-2019-0048
Hair, J., Anderson, R., Tatham, R., & Black, W. (2005). Análise multivariada de dados. Bookman.
Hardies, K., Janssen, S., Vanstraelen, A., & Zehms, K. M. (2024). Using field-based evidence to understand the antecedents to auditors’ skeptical actions. AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 1-31. https://doi.org/10.2308/AJPT-2021-141
Harrison, A., Summers, J., & Mennecke, B. (2018). The effects of the dark triad on unethical behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 153, 53-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3368-3
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43, 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Hobson, J. L., Stern, M. T., & Zimbelman, A. F. (2020). The benefit of mean auditors: The influence of social interaction and the Dark Triad on unjustified auditor trust. Contemp Account Res, 37, 1217-1247. https://doi.org/10.1111/1911-3846.12511
Hurtt, R. K. (2010). Development of a scale to measure professional skepticism. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 29 (1), 149-171. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2010.29.1.149
Jayson, V. H. (2020). An examination of the effects of experience and task complexity on audit judgment. Accounting and Business Research, 27(1), 41-50. https://sid.ir/paper/8257/en
Jiang, R. (2018). An Investigation of the Moral Intentions of Chinese Auditors: Conflicts Associated with Maintaining Independence in Auditor–client Relationship Situations (Doctoral thesis. Curtin University).
https://espace.curtin.edu.au/handle/20.500.11937/73576
Johnson, E.N.; Kuhn, J. R.; Apostolou, B. & Hassell, J.M. (2013). Auditor perceptions of client narcissism as a fraud attitude risk factor. Auditing: a journal of theory & practice, 32(1), 203-219. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-50329.
Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the short dark triad (SD3) a brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21(1), 28-41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191113514105
Kerckhofs, L., Vandenhaute, M. L., & Hardies, K. (2024). A systematic literature review on the bright and dark sides of auditors’ personality. Maandblad voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie, 98(1), 11-24. https://doi.org/10.5117/mab.98.116510
Kusumawati, N. P. A., Pramuki, N. M. W. A., & Pratiwi, N. P. T. W. (2022). Determinants of auditor's professional skepticism in collaborative theory of planned behaviorand triguna theory. American International Journal of Business Management, 5(3), 7-16.
Lee, K., & Ashton, M. C. (2005). Psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism in the Five-Factor Model and the HEXACO model of personality structure. Personality and Individual differences, 38(7), 1571-1582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.09.016
Lee, K., Ashton, M. C., Wiltshire, J., Bourdage, J. S., Visser, B. A., & Gallucci, A. (2013). Sex, power, and money: Prediction from the Dark Triad and Honesty–Humility. European journal of personality, 27(2), 169-184. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.1860
Li, Y. & Ruzicka, M. (2022). The Big Five personality traits and theory of planned behavior in physical education students. Quality in Sport, 8(3), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.12775/QS.2022.08.03.001
Lotfi, M., Muktar, S. N., Ologbo, A. C., & Chiedu, C. K. (2016). The influence of the Big-Five personality traits dimensions on knowledge sharing behaviour. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7(1), 241-250. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n1s1p241
Majors, T. M. (2015). The interaction of communicating measurement uncertainty and the dark triad on managers’ reporting decisions. The Accounting Review, 91(3), 973-992. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-51276
Marçal, R. R., & Alberton, L. (2020). Relação entre os traços sombrios de personalidade e o ceticismo profissional dos auditores independentes. Revista de Educação e Pesquisa em Contabilidade (REPeC), 14(4), 480-500. https://doi.org/10.17524/repec.v14i4.2663
Nelson, M., & Tan, H. T. (2005). Judgment and decision-making research in auditing: A task, person, and interpersonal interaction perspective. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 24(1), 41-71. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.761706
Nezami, A., Pourheydari, O., & Pakdaman, M. (2020). The effect of personality traits (conscience and agreeableness), feeling-thinking and risk-taking on auditor's judgment regarding the mediating role of self-efficacy. Journal of Financial Accounting Knowledge, 7(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.30479/jfak.2020.12315.2610
Nolder, C., & Kadous, K. (2018). The way forward on professional skepticism: Conceptualizing professional skepticism as an attitude. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 67, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2018.03.010
Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Toward a taxonomy of dark personalities. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(6), 421-426. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414547737.
Paulhus, D. L. (2018). The Big Two dimensions of desirability. In A. E. Abele & B. Wojciszke (Eds.), Agency and communion in social psychology (pp. 79–89). Routledge
Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00505-6
Pinto, I., & Morais, A. I. (2019). What matters in disclosures of key audit matters: Evidence from Europe. Journal of International Financial, Management & Accounting, 30(2), 145-162.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jifm.12095
Plouffe, R., Saklofske, D., & Smith, M. (2016). The assessment of sadistic personality: Preliminary psychometric evidence for a new measure. Personality and Individual Differences, 104, 166-171.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.07.043
Rahandiani, D., Ritonga, I. T., & Imansantosa, P. (2024). Auditee's intention to implement audit recommendations: A qualitative study based on the theory of planned behavior. Jurnal Tata Kelola dan Akuntabilitas Keuangan Negara, 10(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.28986/jtaken.v10i1.1404
Schipper, K. (2003). Principles-based accounting standards. Accounting Horizons, 17(1), 61-72.
https://doi.org/10.2308/acch.2003.17.1.61
Schlueter, J. K., & Ratzinger-Sakel, N. V. (2022). Dark Triad personality traits and auditor independence: A systematic literature review. (January 21, 2022). Available at SSRN, 1-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4014690
Sebastin, I., & Trisnawati, E. (2023). Can personality type moderate the effect of auditor experience and time pressure on professional skepticism? Jurnal Magister Akuntansi Trisakti, 10(1), 83-98.
http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/jmat.v10i1.10781
Silva, A., Cunha, P. R., & D’Souza, M. F. (2020). Influência do Dark Tetrad de executivos no gerenciamento de resultados (Apresentação de trabalho). 20ª USP International Conference in Accounting, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP.
Spain, S. M., Harms, P. D., & Lebreton, J. M. (2014). The dark side of personality at work. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(1), 41-60. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1894
Tan, Y., Fan, Y. H., Woodbine, G., & Jiang, R. (2015). Using Ajzen’s TPB model to explain the ethical intentions of Chinese accounting professionals. Academy of Taiwan Business Management Review, 11(3), 151-163.
Trémolière, B., & Djeriouat, H. (2016). The sadistic trait predicts minimization of intention and causal responsibility in moral judgment. Cognition, 146, 158-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2015.09.014
Trotman, K. T., Bauer, T. D., & Humphreys, K. A. (2015). Group judgment and decision making in auditing: Past and future research. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 47, 56-72.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2015.09.004
Wang, Q. C., Chang, R., Xu, Q., Liu, X., Jian, I. Y., Ma, Y. T., & Wang, Y. X. (2021). The impact of personality traits on household energy conservation behavioral intentions: An empirical study based on theory of planned behavior in Xi’an. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 43, 100949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2020.100949
Wilson, C., Woolfson, L. M., Durkin, K., & Elliott, M. A. (2016). The impact of social cognitive and personality factors on teachers’ reported inclusive behaviour. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 86(3), 461-480. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12118