Commitment, resources, export enterprise and business results
Main Article Content
Abstract
The current research has two aims. Firstly, starting from the premises of the Resource-Based View (RBV) to know how specific internal factors (resources and export commitment) can influence an exporting firm’s level of entrepreneurship in foreign markets. Secondly, to find out what the effect of export entrepreneurship is on business results. The relationships proposed are clearly reflected in a conceptual model which will be verified from a multisectorial sample of 212 Spanish exporting firms. The results reveal that: a) export entrepreneurship positively depends on export commitment and the resources associated with experience and structure; b) there is a positive effect of the level of export entrepreneurship on business results. It is recommended that export firms develop accelerated internationali
Downloads
Metrics
Article Details
A RAE compromete-se a contribuir com a proteção dos direitos intelectuais do autor. Nesse sentido:
- adota a licença Creative Commoms BY (CC-BY) em todos os textos que publica, exceto quando houver indicação de específicos detentores dos direitos autorais e patrimoniais;
- adota software de detecção de similaridades;
- adota ações de combate ao plagio e má conduta ética, alinhada às diretrizes do Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)
References
Aaby, N. E., & Slater, S. F. (1989). Management influences on export performance: A review of the empirical literature 1978-1988. International Marketing Review, 6(4), 7-26. doi:10.1108/EUM0000000001516
Acedo, F. J., & Galán, J. L. (2011). Export stimuli revisited: The influence of the characteristics of managerial decision makers on international behaviour. International Small Business Journal, 29(6), 648-670. doi:10.1177/0266242610375771
Acedo, F. J., & Jones, M. V. (2007). Speed of internationalization and entrepreneurial cognition: Insights and a comparison between international new ventures, exporters and domestic firms. Journal of World Business, 42(3), 236-252. doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2007.04.012
Alteren, G., & Tudoran, A. A. (2016). Enhancing export performance: Betting on customer orientation, behavioral commitment, and communication. International Business Review, 25(1), 370-381. doi:10.1016/j. ibusrev.2015.07.004
Audretsch, D. B., & Keilbach, M. (2004). Entrepreneurship capital and economic performance. Regional Studies, 38(8), 949-959. doi:10.1080/0034340042000280956
Autio, E., Sapienza, H. J., & Almeida, J. G. (2000). Effects of age at entry, knowledge intensity, and imitability on international growth. Academy of Management Journal, 43(5), 909-924.
Barclay, D., Higgins, C., & Thompson, R. L. (1995). The partial least squares (PLS) approach to causal modelling: Personal computer adoption and use as an illustration. Technology Studies, 2(2), 285- 309.
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120. doi:10.1177/014920639101700108
Beamish, P. W., Karavis, L., Goerzen, A., & Lane, C. (1999). The relationship between organizational structure and export performance. Management International Review, 39(1), 37-54.
Beleska-Spasova, E., Glaister, K. W., & Stride, C. (2012). Resource determinants of strategy and performance: The case of British exporters. Journal of World Business, 47(4), 635-647. doi:10.1016/j. jwb.2011.09.001
Blalock, G. & Gertler, P. J. (2004). Learning from exporting revisited in a less developed setting. Journal of Development Economics, 75(2), 397-416. doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2004.06.004
Bollen, K. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York, EEUU: John Wiley y Sons, Inc.
Bollen, K., & Lennox, R. (1991). Conventional wisdom on measurement: A structural equation perspective. Psychological Paradigm, 110(2), 305-314. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.110.2.305
Cadogan, J. W., Diamantopoulos, A., & Siguaw J. A. (2002). Export market-oriented activities: Their antecedents and performance consequences. Journal of International Business Studies, 33(3), 615-626.
Cadogan, J. W., Kuivalainen, O., & Sundqvist, S. (2009). Export market-oriented behavior and export performance: Quadratic and moderating effects under differing degrees of market dynamism and internationalization. Journal of International Marketing, 17(4), 71-89. doi:10.1509/jimk.17.4.71
Carmines, E. G., & Zeller, R. A. (1979). Reliability and validity assessment. Beverly Hills, EEUU: Sage.
Caruana, A., Morris, M., & Vella, A. (1998). The effect of centralization and formalization on entrepreneurship in export firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 36(1), 16-29.
Cavusgil, S. T., & Zou, S. (1994). Marketing strategy-performance relationship: An investigation of the empirical link in export market ventures. Journal of Marketing, 58(1), 1-21. doi:10.2307/1252247
Colton, D. A., Roth, M. S., & Bearden, W. O. (2010). Drivers of international e-tail performance: The complexities of orientations and resources. Journal of International Marketing, 18(1), 1-22. doi:10.1509/ jimk.18.1.1
Davidson, R., & MacKinnon, J. G. (2000). Bootstrap tests: How many bootstraps? Econometric Reviews, 19(1), 55-68. doi:10.1080/07474930008800459
Dhanaraj, C., & Beamish, P. W. (2003). A resource-based approach to the study of export performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 41(3), 242-261. doi:10.1111/1540-627x.00080
Diamantopoulos, A. (1999). Viewpoint -Export performance measurement: Reflective versus formative indicators. International Marketing Review, 16(6), 444-457. doi:10.1108/02651339910300422
Diamantopoulos, A. (2008). Formative indicators: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of Business Research, 61(12), 1201-1202. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.01.008
Diamantopoulos, A., & Siguaw, J. A. (2006). Formative versus reflective indicators in organizational measure development: A comparison and empirical illustration. British Journal of Management, 17(4), 263- 282. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00500.x
Diamantopoulos, A., & Winklhofer, H. M. (2001). Index construction with formative indicators: An alternative to scale development. Journal of Marketing Research, 38(2), 269-277.
Donthu, N., & Kim, S. H. (1993). Implications of firm controllable factors on export growth. Journal of Global Marketing, 7(1), 47-64. doi:10.1300/J042v07n01_04
Edwards, J. R., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2000). On the nature and direction of relationships between construct and measures. Psychological Methods, 5(2), 155-174. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.5.2.155
Fischer, E., & Reuber, A. R. (2003). Targeting export support to SMEs: Owners’ international experience as a segmentation basis. Small Business Economics, 20(1), 69-82. doi:10.1023/a:1020296405149
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. doi:10.2307/3151312
Gallego, M. Á., & Casillas, J. C. (2014). Choice of markets for initial export activities: Differences between early and late exporters. International Business Review, 23(5), 1021-1033. doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2014.03.004
Hessels, S. J. A. (2007). Innovation and international involvement of Dutch SMEs. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 4(3), 234-255. doi:10.1504/IJESB.2007.013250
Hessels, S. J. A., & van Stel, A. van. (2011). Entrepreneurship, export orientation, and economic growth. Small Business Economics, 37(2), 255-268., doi:10.1007/s11187-009-9233-3
Huber, G. P., & Power, D. J. (1985). Retrospective reports of strategic-level managers: Guidelines for increasing their accuracy. Strategic Management Journal, 6(2), 171-180. doi:10.1002/smj.4250060206
Hultman, M., Robson, M. J., & Katsikeas, C. S. (2009). Export product strategy fit and performance: An empirical investigation. Journal of International Marketing, 17(4), 1-23. doi:10.1509/jimk.17.4.1
Ibeh, K. I. (2003). Toward a contingency framework of export entrepreneurship: Conceptualisations and empirical evidence. Small Business Economics, 20(1), 49-68.
Ibeh, K. I. (2004). Furthering export participation in less performing developing countries: The effects of entrepreneurial orientation and managerial capacity factors. International Journal of Social Economics, 31(1/2), 94-110. doi:10.1108/03068290410515448
Ibeh, K. I., & Young, S. (2001). Exporting as an entrepreneurial act: An empirical study of Nigerian firms. European Journal of Marketing, 35(5/6), 566-586. doi:10.1108/03090560110388114
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115- 135. doi:10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Jarvis, C. B., Mackenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, P. M. (2003). A critical review of construct indicators and measurement model misspecification in marketing and consumer research. Journal of Consumer Research, 30(2), 199-218. doi:10.1086/376806
Jones, M. V., Coviello, N., & Tang, Y. K. (2011). International entrepreneurship research (1989-2009): A domain ontology and thematic analysis. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(6), 632-659. doi:10.1016/j. jbusvent.2011.04.001
Keupp, M. M., & Gassmann, O. (2009). The past and the future of international entrepreneurship: A review and suggestions for developing the field. Journal of Management, 35(3), 600-633. doi:10.1177/0149206308330558
Knight, G. A., & Cavusgil, S. T. (2004). Innovation, organizational capabilities, and the born-global firm. Journal of International Business Studies, 35(2), 124-141.
Knight, G. A., & Liesch, P. W. (2016). Internationalization: From incremental to born global. Journal of World Business, 51(1), 93-102. doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2015.08.011
Kuivalainen, O., Saarenketo, S., & Puumalainen, K. (2012). Start-up patterns of internationalization: A framework and its application in the context of knowledge-intensive SMEs. European Management Journal, 30(4), 372-385. doi:10.1016/j.emj.2012.01.001
Kuivalainen, O., Sundqvist, S., & Servais, P. (2007). Firms’ degree of born-globalness, international entrepreneurial orientation and export performance. Journal of World Business, 42(3), 253-267. doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2007.04.010
Lages, L. F., Jap, S. D., & Griffith, D. A. (2008). The role of past performance in export ventures: A short-term reactive approach. Journal of International Business Studies, 39(2), 304-325. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400339
Lages, L. F., & Montgomery, D. B. (2004). Export performance as an antecedent of export commitment and marketing strategy adaptation: Evidence from small and medium-sized exporters. European Journal of Marketing, 38(9/10), 1186-1214. doi:10.1108/03090560410548933
Lages, L. F., Silva, G. & Styles, C. (2009). Relationship capabilities, quality, and innovation as determinants of export performance. Journal of International Marketing, 17(4), 47-70. doi:10.1509/jimk.17.4.47
Machado, M. A., Nique, W. M., & Fehse, F. B. (2016). International orientation and export commitment in fast small and medium size firms internationalization: Scales validation and implications for the Brazilian case. Revista de Administração da Universidade de São Paulo, 51(3), 255-265. doi:10.1016/j.rausp.2016.06.002
Mackenzie, S. B., Podsakoff, P. M., & Jarvis, C. B. (2005). The problem of measurement model misspecification in behavioural and organizational research and some recommended solutions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(4), 710-730. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.4.710
Madsen, T. K. (1998). Executive insights: Managerial judgment of export performance. Journal of International Marketing, 6(3), 82-93.
Majocchi, A., Bacchiocchi, E., & Mayrhofer, U. (2005). Firm size, business experience and export intensity in SMEs: A longitudinal approach to complex relationships. International Business Review, 14(6), 719-738. doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2005.07.004
Makadok, R. (2001). Toward a synthesis of the resource-based and dynamic-capability views of rent creation. Strategic Management Journal, 22(5), 387-401. doi:10.1002/smj.158
Menon, A., Bharadwaj, S. G., & Howell, R. D. (1996). The quality and effectiveness of marketing strategy: Effect of functional and dysfunctional conflict in intraorganizational relationships. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 24(4), 299-313. doi:10.1177/0092070396244002
Morgan, N. A., Kaleka, A., & Katsikeas, C. S. (2004). Antecedents of export ventures performance: A theoretical model and empirical assessment. Journal of Marketing, 68(1), 90-108.
Morgan, N. A., Vorhies, D. W., & Schlegelmilch, B. B. (2006). Resource-performance relationships in industrial export ventures: The role of resource inimitability and substitutability. Industrial Marketing Management, 35(5), 621-633. doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2005.05.018
Navarro, A. (2002). Efecto de la estrategia de expansión exterior sobre el resultado exportador de la organización. Información Comercial Española, (802), 99-115.
Navarro, A., Losada, F., Ruzo, E., & Díez, J. A. (2010a). Implications of perceived competitive advantages, adaptation of marketing tactics and export commitment on export performance. Journal of World Business, 45(1), 49-58. doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2009.04.004
Navarro, A., Acedo, F. J., Robson, M. J., Ruzo, E., & Losada, F. (2010b). Antecedents and consequences of firms’ export commitment: An empirical study. Journal of International Marketing, 18(3), 41-61. doi: 10.1509/jimk.18.3.41
Navarro, A., Acedo, F. J., Losada, F., & Ruzo, E. (2011). Integrated model of export activity: Analysis of heterogeneity in managers’ orientations and perceptions on strategic marketing management in foreign markets. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 187-204. doi: 10.2753/MTP1069-6679190205
Navarro-Garcia, A., Rondán-Cataluña, F. J., & Acedo-González, F. J. (2013). The importance of an export-oriented culture for export performance. European Journal of International Management, 7(3), 254- 277. doi: 10.1504/EJIM.2013.054325
Navarro-García, A. (2016). Drivers of export entrepreneurship. International Business Review, 25(1), 244-254. doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2015.05.007
Navarro-García, A., Schmidt, A. C. M., & Rey-Moreno, M. (2015). Antecedents and consequences of export entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 68(7), 1532-1538. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.047
Nemkova, E., Souchon, A. L., & Hughes, P. (2012). Export decision-making orientation: An exploratory study. International Marketing Review, 29(4), 349-378. doi:10.1108/02651331211242610
Oura, M. M., Zilber, S. N., & Lopes, E. L. (2016). Innovation capacity, international experience and export performance of SMEs in Brazil. International Business Review, 25(4), 921-932. doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2015.12.002
Pla-Barber, J., & Alegre, J. (2007). Analysing the link between export intensity, innovation and firm size in a science-based industry. International Business Review, 16(3), 275-293. doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2007.02.005
Powell, K. S. (2014). Profitability and speed of foreign market entry. Management International Review, 54(1), 31-45. doi:10.1007/s11575- 013-0184-1
Reinartz, W., Haenlein, M., & Henseler, J. (2009). An empirical comparison of the efficacy of covariance-based and variance-based SEM. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 26(4), 332-344. doi:10.1016/j.ijresmar.2009.08.001
Ruzo, E., Losada, F., Navarro, A., & Díez, J. A. (2011). Resources and international marketing strategy in export firms: Implications for export performance. Management Research Review, 34(5), 496-518. doi:10.1108/01409171111128698
Singh, D. A. (2009). Export performance of emerging market firms. International Business Review, 18(4), 321-330. doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2009.03.002
Sousa, C. M., Martínez-López, F. J., & Coelho, F. (2008). The determinants of export performance: A review of the research in the literature between 1998 and 2005. International Journal of Management Reviews, 10(4), 343-374. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2370.2008.00232.x
Sousa, C. M. P. (2004). Export performance measurement: An evaluation of the empirical research in the literature. Academy of Marketing Science Review, 9(12), 1-23.
Styles, C., & Ambler, T. (2000). The impact of relational variables on export performance: An empirical investigation in Australia and the UK. Australian Journal of Management, 25(3), 261-281. doi:10.1177/031289620002500302
Vermeulen, F., & Barkema, H. (2002). Pace, rhythm, and scope: Process dependence in building a profitable multinational corporation. Strategic Management Journal, 23(7), 637-653. doi:10.1002/smj.243
Yeoh, P. L. (2004). International learning: Antecedents and performance implications among newly internationalizing companies in an exporting context. International Marketing Review, 21(4/5), 511-535. doi:10.1108/02651330410547171
Yeoh, P. L., & Jeong, I. (1995). Contingency relationships between entrepreneurship, export channel structure and environment: A proposed conceptual model of export performance. European Journal of Marketing, 29(8), 95-115. doi:10.1108/03090569510097574
Zahra, S. A., Ireland, R. D., & Hitt, M.A. (2000). International expansion by new venture firms: International diversity, mode of market entry, technological learning, and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 43(5), 925-950. doi:10.2307/1556420
Zander, I., McDougall-Covin, P., & Rose, E. L. (2015). Born globals and international business: Evolution of a field of research. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(1), 27-35. doi:10.1057/jibs.2014.60
Zou, S., & Stan, S. (1998). The determinants of export performance: A review of the empirical literature between 1987 and 1997. International Marketing Review, 15(5), 333-356. doi:10.1108/02651339810236290
Zou, S., Taylor, C. R., & Osland, G. E. (1998). The EXPERF scale: A cross-national generalized export performance measure. Journal of International Marketing, 6(3), 37-58.