Transformação de projetos de desenvolvimento de software livre: Uma governança entre a catedral e o bazar
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Comumente, projetos de software livre comunitários são associados a um cenário organizacional que se assemelha mais “a um bazar do que a uma catedral", diferenciando-se da maneira tradicional ou “burocrática” de organizar o trabalho. Este artigo analisa a governança dessas organizações, pela perspectiva da estrutura e do controle, considerando a trajetória de desenvolvimento de três projetos de software livre comunitários brasileiros. Os resultados mostram que a constante necessidade de produzir tecnologias modernas gera pressões externas que promovem mudanças, especialmente temporárias, na governança desses projetos, fazendo-os parecer mais uma catedral do que um bazar. Além disso, a governança não segue um ciclo sequencial de aprimoramento, modificando-se na presença de atores organizacionais externos como patrocinadores. Isso sugere a necessidade de uma governança estratégica e flexível para lidar com a aquisição e alocação de recursos organizacionais. Teoricamente falando, a governança dos projetos aqui descritos varia ao longo de um espectro de (in)formalidade que permite que ambos os modelos de produção – catedral ou bazar – existam na mesma organização, em momentos distintos.
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