O caminho multinível para adaptação às mudanças climáticas
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O tema das mudanças climáticas ainda é muito negligenciado apesar de urgente para a sociedade. Frequentes eventos climáticos extremos, incêndios, elevação do nível do mar, entre outros, são efeitos esperados para os quais as organizações devem se preparar e se adaptar. Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre adaptação às mudanças climáticas e analisa os fatores que influenciam as decisões estratégicas das organizações. Os resultados levam a um modelo elaborado para explicar o papel de tais fatores, considerando sua influência em níveis individual, organizacional e institucional. Esse estudo contribui para a literatura ao propor um modelo de adaptação ao clima e explicar a relação entre os fatores internos e externos e o contexto multinível. O modelo identifica a percepção de risco como um dos principais contingentes na adaptação climática das organizações, juntamente com recursos e capacidades organizacionais, stakeholders e parcerias no processo de adaptação ao clima. Por fim, são identificados como antecedentes importantes no processo de adaptação as políticas públicas, valores, experiência individual e capacidade cognitiva dos gestores.
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