The financing of the development process

Abstract

This article studies the options and limitations of processes for financing the Brazilian development in sustainable bases. In its first section are discussed the post-war development model and its social and environmental implications, being presented in a historical perspective the fiscal crisis of our days. For that matter are described the interrelationships between urbanization, industrialization, expansion of agricultural and cattlebreeding activities, as much as emerging problems of social and environmental character. The second section studies the Brazilian environmental policy and the present financial difficulties affecting the country's institutional capacity to orient policies of a sustainable development. In the third section are discussed, along the same lines, the structural and technological changes resulting from the inclusion of the environmental variable in developmental strategies. Then, there is a discussion involving the utilization of market mechanisms in the adoption of more efficient and more equanimous environmental policies which may be financially of a greater autonomy. Finally, in that same section, are discussed the economic cooperation, the international compensations and conversions of the foreign debt, as additional forms of financing the Brazilian environmental policies and, at the same time, as a necessary condition of viability, in Brazil, for the adoption of sustainable economic alternatives.