Acceso a alimentos frescos en áreas urbanas vulnerables: un estudio clasificatorio de las favelas y establecimientos formales en São Paulo
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Resumen
El entorno influye significativamente en las elecciones alimentarias de los individuos. Las áreas urbanas vulnerables, como las favelas, pueden tener un impacto decisivo en desalentar el consumo de alimentos frescos, ricos en nutrientes. Este problema se agrava por la infraestructura urbana necesaria para que los alimentos frescos lleguen a estos lugares. Por lo tanto, es esencial comprender el contexto de las áreas de favela en el municipio de São Paulo en cuanto al entorno alimentario e infraestructura para apoyar el diseño de políticas públicas que aumenten la presencia de alimentos mínimamente procesados en estos lugares. Para ello, aplicamos el método de agrupamiento k-means a dos conjuntos de datos: el entorno alimentario de las áreas de favela, caracterizado por establecimientos de alimentos, y la infraestructura urbana de las favelas en el municipio de São Paulo. De las 1.701 favelas de la ciudad, solo 271 tienen establecimientos de alimentos registrados formalmente. Las favelas más grandes y con una mejor infraestructura urbana generalmente presentaron un entorno alimentario con un mayor acceso a alimentos frescos. Los resultados sugieren que invertir en infraestructura urbana puede tener un efecto positivo en el acceso a alimentos frescos en estas áreas. También es necesario considerar las especificidades locales para encontrar soluciones efectivas que aumenten la disponibilidad de alimentos mínimamente procesados, mejorando así la calidad de vida y la salud de la población.
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