Estratégia nacional de inovação: uma breve contribuição para sua efetividade sob a perspectiva de acumulação de capacidade tecnológica
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Resumo
A acumulação de um conjunto de habilidades e recursos intensivos em conhecimento para mudar tecnologias existentes ou para criar novas tecnologias, ou seja, a capacidade tecnológica, em nível de empresas e indústrias, é um dos insumos vitais para a transição de países para níveis progressivamente mais elevados de desenvolvimento industrial e de renda per capita. Esse tema tem integrado a agenda governamental e empresarial de vários países que realizaram essa transição de maneira exitosa. Porém, as diversas políticas públicas de inovação implementadas no Brasil durante as últimas décadas, assim como os diferentes estudos e debates sobre os resultados limitados gerados por essas políticas, têm dispensado um tratamento limitado à acumulação de capacidade tecnológica de empresas e indústrias como uma das fontes primárias do aumento da taxa de inovação e do crescimento sustentado da economia. Este artigo objetiva apresentar uma base analítica no intuito de contribuir para a efetividade de uma estratégia nacional de inovação centrada na acumulação de capacidade tecnológica em nível de empresas e indústrias. Essa base analítica pode contribuir para a aferição do retorno das políticas de incentivo à inovação em termos de acumulação de capacidade tecnológica para inovações significativas.
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