Estrategia nacional de innovación: una breve contribución a su efectividad desde la perspectiva de la acumulación de capacidad tecnológica
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Resumen
La acumulación de un conjunto de habilidades y recursos intensivos en conocimiento para cambiar las tecnologías existentes o crear nuevas tecnologías, es decir, la capacidad tecnológica, en el ámbito empresarial e industrial, es uno de los insumos vitales para la transición de los países hacia niveles cada vez más altos de desarrollo industrial y de ingreso per cápita. Este tema ha integrado la agenda gubernamental y empresarial de varios países que hicieron exitosamente esta transición. Sin embargo, las diversas políticas públicas de innovación implementadas en Brasil durante las últimas décadas, así como los diferentes estudios y debates sobre los limitados resultados generados por estas políticas, han dado un tratamiento limitado a la acumulación de capacidad tecnológica por parte de empresas e industrias como una de las fuentes principales del aumento de la tasa de innovación y del crecimiento sostenido de la economía. Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una base analítica para contribuir a la efectividad de una estrategia nacional de innovación centrada en la acumulación de capacidad tecnológica en el ámbito empresarial e industrial. Esta base analítica puede contribuir a la evaluación del retorno de las políticas de incentivos a la innovación en términos de acumulación de capacidad tecnológica para innovaciones significativas.
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