Nudges e processos cognitivos na administração pública: revisão sistemática e agenda de pesquisa

Conteúdo do artigo principal

Aline Rossales Sengik
Antônio Carlos Gastaud Maçada

Resumo

As intervenções do tipo nudge tornaram-se centrais na discussão sobre inovação em políticas públicas, contribuindo para a reavaliação de instrumentos tradicionais de governança e de gestão pública. Entretanto, o potencial de aplicar essas intervenções a diferentes processos – internos ou externos – da administração pública ainda não foi plenamente explorado. Assim, com base em uma revisão sistemática híbrida da literatura, objetivou-se identificar e sintetizar os principais temas de pesquisa, os tipos de intervenções de nudge, os domínios organizacionais e os fundamentos comportamentais associados à aplicação de nudges no ambiente interno das organizações públicas. A análise baseia-se em um portfólio de 54 artigos selecionados nas bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science, dos quais 11 estudos que abordam explicitamente a aplicação de nudges no contexto organizacional público compõem o subconjunto submetido à análise qualitativa. Os resultados indicam que, embora o interesse por nudges na administração pública venha crescendo, sua aplicação no contexto organizacional público ainda é limitada, com predomínio de estudos voltados ao comportamento dos cidadãos. Observa-se a prevalência de intervenções de baixo custo cognitivo, como defaults, lembretes, feedbacks e normas sociais, concentradas principalmente nos domínios de desempenho organizacional, processos decisórios, comunicação e comportamento pró-social interno. Além disso, a literatura revela lacunas relacionadas à integração organizacional das intervenções, ao alinhamento entre mecanismos cognitivos e tipos de nudge e à limitada generalização dos resultados empíricos. Com base nesses achados, o estudo propõe uma agenda de pesquisa estruturada em três eixos analíticos, oferecendo diretrizes para investigações futuras que aprofundem o uso de nudges como instrumentos de apoio à gestão, à tomada de decisão e à implementação de políticas públicas.

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Sengik, A. R., & Maçada, A. C. G. (2026). Nudges e processos cognitivos na administração pública: revisão sistemática e agenda de pesquisa. Revista De Administração Pública, 60, e2025–0227. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220250227
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