Liderança no processo de inovação colaborativa no setor público: uma revisão integrativa
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As sociedades contemporâneas, cada vez mais interconectadas, enfrentam problemas complexos que impactam a vida das pessoas e demandam soluções inovadoras, construídas de forma colaborativa. No setor público, os gestores têm demonstrado crescente interesse na colaboração para estimular o desenvolvimento e a implementação de soluções inovadoras. Apesar disso, o campo de pesquisas sobre o papel da liderança nesse processo ainda é incipiente. O objetivo deste trabalho é construir uma síntese da literatura sobre o papel dos líderes em processos de inovações colaborativas no setor público. Por meio da metodologia de revisão integrativa e análise temática, o objetivo foi identificar as lacunas e as possíveis conexões que venham a direcionar futuras pesquisas no campo. A geração de um mapa temático revela dois macrotemas – papéis e ações dos líderes – associados a seis temas: metagovernança, atuação tridimensional, observação dos requisitos básicos, reestruturação da organização, superação de obstáculos e exploração dos impulsionadores. Essa estrutura prescreve como os líderes públicos podem atuar ao se engajar no desenvolvimento de inovações colaborativas mais efetivas para a sociedade. A revisão evidencia ainda que é recomendável que o perfil dos líderes públicos indicado para estimular processos de inovações colaborativas seja proativo e menos apegado a formalismos, devendo observar uma atuação como metagovernante para convocar, orquestrar, facilitar, regular, mediar e catalisar os processos de inovação.
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