Epidemia de burnout durante a pandemia de Covid-19: O papel da LMX na redução do burnout dos médicos
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Resumo
Durante a pandemia de Covid-19, os médicos estão expostos a condições adversas de trabalho que têm levado ao aumento da ocorrência de burnout entre esses profissionais. Embora o suporte da liderança seja considerado eficaz na prevenção do burnout, pouco se sabe sobre o papel da liderança em situações extremas. Com base na teoria da troca de líder e membro (LMX), propomos que um relacionamento de alta qualidade entre supervisores e médicos pode reduzir os níveis de burnout dos médicos, uma vez que moldam as percepções destes sobre as demandas e recursos psicossociais do trabalho. Acreditamos que esse efeito será mais forte para os médicos que atuam na linha de frente, pois eles estão mais expostos a estressores no trabalho. Em um estudo de campo
com 2.708 médicos brasileiros, encontramos apoio ao papel da LMX na mitigação do burnout. De modo geral, nossas descobertas reforçam a importância de estabelecer relacionamentos de alta qualidade entre supervisores e equipe médica para mitigar a experiência do esgotamento; no entanto, também destacam que condições extremas, como a pandemia de Covid-19, podem restringir os efeitos benéficos dos comportamentos de liderança.
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